In April, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) approved a proposal to create a new Emission Control Area (ECA) in the North East Atlantic, expected to be implemented by 2027, which will include the entirety of Isle of Man territorial waters. This will reduce harmful emissions from ships, including sulphur oxides (SOx), particulate matter (PM), and nitrogen oxides (NOx), all of which are linked to respiratory and cardiovascular health problems and air borne pollution affecting coastal communities. This reduction will ensure a healthier environment, which is particularly important for regions like the Isle of Man, a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve recognized for its commitment to living in harmony with nature.
This new North East Atlantic ECA builds upon the established ECA in the North Sea/English Channel, further expanding the geographical area with stricter emission standards for ships. It will apply to all ships in Isle of Man territorial waters, regardless of whether they call at a port in the Island.
What does this mean for the Isle of Man?
- Cleaner Air: The Isle of Man, being located within the region covered by the ECA, stands to benefit from improved air quality. Reduced emissions are expected to contribute to improved public health and may decrease respiratory-related illnesses.
- Low Sulphur Fuel: Ships operating within the new North East Atlantic ECA including Isle of Man waters will be required to use fuel with a significantly lower sulphur content (reducing to 0.10% mass by mass from the current limit of 0.5%) or utilize alternative methods like exhaust gas cleaning systems to achieve equivalent emission reductions. This will mean ships calling at or passing through the ECA will need to switch to low sulphur fuels. It's worth noting that many smaller vessels utilizing standard fuels such as diesel will already operate with sulphur content below this limit and will therefore likely be compliant. Larger vessels using heavier fuel oils will face a more significant transition, although ECAs are now common place throughout the World and thus many shipping companies are familiar with the requirements.
- NOx Tier III Compliance: For new ships (depending on build date and size) operating in the North East Atlantic ECA, there will be a requirement to meet IMO Tier III NOx engine emission standards. Small vessels with engines under 130kw will be excluded from this regulation.
In conclusion, the new Emission Control Area represents a positive and significant step towards a cleaner and healthier maritime environment in our Island. While this will necessitate adjustments for shipping companies operating in our waters, many smaller, local operators already using cleaner fuels and with engines below the NOx threshold are likely to see minimal direct impact. This aligns with the Isle of Man's dedication to sustainability and its unique status as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, ensuring a more environmentally responsible future for our coastal communities and marine ecosystems.